Which method helps to monitor pest populations effectively?

Pheromone trapping is an effective method for monitoring pest populations because it utilizes specific chemical signals, known as pheromones, that attract particular pest species. This technique allows for the identification and quantification of pest presence in a given area. By placing traps infused with synthetic or naturally occurring pheromones, it is possible to capture adult insects and assess their population dynamics. This monitoring can inform pest management decisions and timings for control measures, making it a crucial tool in integrated pest management strategies.

In contrast, fertilization techniques, increased irrigation, and soil treatments primarily focus on enhancing plant health or modifying environmental conditions rather than directly monitoring pest populations. While those practices can indirectly influence pest behavior and prevalence, they do not provide the same targeted and effective monitoring capability that pheromone trapping offers.